Minnesota Farm Subsidy Data

Minnesota has received $508M in cumulative USDA farm program payments between 1995 and 2024, including $208M in conservation payments (CRP, EQIP, CSP) and $200M in disaster assistance (CFAP, MFP, LFP, ERP). Net farm income for 2023 came in at $5.2B, sitting on top of $27.6B in gross cash income and $24.8B in total cash receipts from all commodities. The leading program category for Minnesota is Conservation. These figures come straight from the USDA Economic Research Service Farm Income and Wealth Statistics release — the same source file that Congress, the Congressional Budget Office, and the Farm Service Agency use when they score Farm Bill proposals.

Minnesota's agriculture is anchored by Corn ($7.6B in cash receipts), Soybeans ($5.0B in cash receipts), Cattle ($2.4B in cash receipts), with the top three commodities accounting for a significant share of the state's $24.8B in total cash receipts. The crop-insurance loss ratio — indemnities paid out divided by premiums collected — stands at 194%, with $$446M in premiums and $$864M in indemnity payments. A loss ratio above 100% means insurers paid out more in claims than they collected in premiums, a signal of significant yield or revenue shortfalls in recent years.

Reading Minnesota's farm data correctly means holding three lenses at once: commodity cash receipts (which track market activity), government payments (which track federal policy), and net farm income (which tracks actual economic outcomes). These three numbers move independently — a bumper crop year can drive up receipts while depressing prices and triggering government payments; a disaster year can crush receipts while unlocking indemnities and disaster aid. Use the payment history, county table, and nearby-state comparison below to benchmark Minnesota against its region before drawing conclusions about the health, resilience, or federal dependence of the state's agricultural economy.