Texas farm subsidy data

Texas has received $1.2B in USDA farm program payments in fiscal year 2023, including $186M in conservation payments (CRP, EQIP, CSP) and $887M in disaster assistance (CFAP, MFP, LFP, ERP). Net farm income for 2023 came in at $15.4B, sitting on top of $38.8B in gross cash income and $29.9B in total cash receipts from all commodities. The leading program category for Texas is Disaster Assistance. These figures come straight from the USDA Economic Research Service Farm Income and Wealth Statistics release, the same source file that Congress, the Congressional Budget Office, and the Farm Service Agency use when they score Farm Bill proposals.

Texas's agriculture is anchored by Cattle ($13.4B in cash receipts), Poultry ($3.4B in cash receipts), Cotton ($1.6B in cash receipts), with the top three commodities accounting for a significant share of the state's $29.9B in total cash receipts. The crop-insurance loss ratio, indemnities paid out divided by premiums collected, stands at 421%, with $$788M in premiums and $$3.3B in indemnity payments. A loss ratio above 100% means insurers paid out more in claims than they collected in premiums, a signal of significant yield or revenue shortfalls in recent years.

Reading Texas's farm data correctly means holding three lenses at once: commodity cash receipts (which track market activity), government payments (which track federal policy), and net farm income (which tracks actual economic outcomes). These three numbers move independently, a bumper crop year can drive up receipts while depressing prices and triggering government payments; a disaster year can crush receipts while unlocking indemnities and disaster aid. Use the payment history, county table, and nearby-state comparison below to benchmark Texas against its region before drawing conclusions about the health, resilience, or federal dependence of the state's agricultural economy.